How depth of discharge changes the cycle count, and when the trade is worth it.
What depth of discharge does to life
LFP tolerates deep discharge better than NMC; the cycle penalty for using the last 20% is smaller than most buyers assume.
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Designing around DOD and reserve
Keep a reserve for the worst day, not the average one — depth of discharge is a design input.
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LiFePO4 questions
Short answers to the ones that come up most.
What makes LiFePO4 different?
Lower energy density than NMC, but far better thermal stability and cycle life. That trade decides every application it wins.
How long does a LiFePO4 pack last?
4,000–6,000 cycles at 80% depth of discharge — eight to ten years of daily cycling. Heat and sitting at 100% shorten it.
Can it be charged in the cold?
Not below 0°C without a heater. Discharging in the cold is fine, it just delivers less capacity.
Does LiFePO4 need special maintenance?
No watering, no equalising. Keep terminals tight, the enclosure ventilated and watch the BMS log.
Is it safe?
It is the safest lithium chemistry in wide use: no cobalt, stable at temperatures where NMC packs would vent.
