The charger and the BMS decide how long an LFP pack lasts — often more than the cells do.
Charge profiles and voltages
Charge to 3.45–3.65V per cell, drop to a float that is well below the absorption setpoint, and never leave a pack held at the top for weeks.
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What a BMS does, and what it cannot do
A BMS protects and balances; it does not create capacity or fix a mismatched cell group. Read the current rating before the feature list.
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Charging in the cold and with solar
Below 0°C the BMS must block charge; with solar and alternators the profile has to be set at every source.
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Charging & BMS questions
The questions that come before an order.
What voltage should I charge a LiFePO4 battery to?
3.45–3.65V per cell, or 13.8–14.6V for a 12V pack. Charging higher adds almost no capacity and costs cycle life.
Can I use my old lead-acid charger?
Only if it has an LFP profile. A lead-acid charger will overcharge and overheat an LFP pack, and the BMS will spend its life disconnecting.
What does a BMS actually protect against?
Over-voltage, under-voltage, over-current, short circuit and temperature extremes — and it balances cells. It cannot add capacity or repair a weak cell.
Do I need a self-heating battery?
If the pack has to charge below freezing where it is installed. Otherwise you need to warm the space or accept that charging stops in winter.
How do solar and alternator charging fit together?
Each source needs the LFP profile set independently — MPPT controller, inverter/charger, DC-DC or alternator regulator. One source left on a lead-acid profile undoes the others.
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