Moving a system from 12V to 24V or 48V without rebuilding everything.
What has to change with voltage
Charger, inverter, BMS and often the loads; the wiring usually improves.
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Keeping the loads and protecting the old equipment
A DC-DC converter keeps 12V equipment alive on a 48V system.
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Voltage & sizing questions
Short answers to the ones that come up most.
How do I choose a voltage?
Set by the equipment — 12V small loads, 24V light traction, 48V storage and traction.
How do I work out runtime?
Ah x V = Wh, divided by the real load, minus losses.
Why 12.8V?
Four 3.2V LFP cells in series.
What is C-rate?
Current relative to capacity.
Series different batteries?
No — same model, capacity and age.
