The Indoor Electrification White Paper outlines technical frameworks for building electrification and energy system transitions aligned with global carbon neutrality goals. Focused on the “光储直柔” (Photovoltaic-Storage-Direct Current-Flexibility) system, it addresses high-efficiency power distribution for buildings transitioning from passive consumers to active grid participants. The document emphasizes dual 90% targets: 90% electrification of building energy use and 90% reliance on non-fossil electricity by 2050, using Li-ion battery integration and smart grid interoperability. Pro Tip: Municipal planners use these guidelines to harmonize DC microgrids with utility-scale renewable infrastructures.
What core technologies define the “光储直柔” system?
This framework combines photovoltaics, energy storage, direct current networks, and flexible load management to optimize energy autonomy. It achieves 20-30% efficiency gains by eliminating AC-DC conversion losses in modern buildings.
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The system’s backbone is DC microgrid architecture—48V or 72V LiFePO4 batteries buffer solar power, while IoT-enabled controllers dynamically prioritize loads like HVAC and EV chargers. Pro Tip: For retrofitting older buildings, modular 24V DC subpanels minimize rewiring costs. A Beijing office prototype reduced grid dependence by 65% using this approach—its DC lighting network alone saved 15% energy versus AC equivalents. How does this scale? District-level implementations synchronize multiple buildings into virtual power plants, trading surplus energy through blockchain platforms.
Why prioritize non-fossil electricity in building electrification?
Buildings account for 36% of global CO₂ emissions. Transitioning to non-fossil sources like solar and wind directly addresses Scope 2 emissions from purchased energy.
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The White Paper mandates time-of-use optimization, where buildings consume 70%+ renewable energy during peak generation hours. Advanced BMS (Battery Management Systems) with 2ms response times switch between grid and stored power, ensuring uninterrupted operations. For example, Shanghai’s Green Tower uses predictive algorithms to store midday solar surplus in 800kWh Li-ion banks, powering evening operations without diesel backups. Isn’t storage costly? Yes, but economies of scale make 48V/72V lithium systems cost-competitive within 5 years through reduced demand charges.
| Parameter | Traditional AC | 光储直柔 DC |
|---|---|---|
| Conversion Losses | 12-15% | 3-5% |
| PV Self-Consumption | 40-50% | 85-95% |
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FAQs
Yes, through phased upgrades—start with 24V/48V DC lighting and USB-C power zones before expanding to full HVAC electrification.
Are DC systems compatible with legacy AC appliances?
No—dedicated DC devices are required. However, hybrid inverters allow parallel AC/DC operation during transitions.
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